Khat, the drug you should never use.

It is a shrub or small tree, growing 5-8 m tall with evergreen leaves 5-10 cm × 4.1 cm. Flowers arise in short axillary clusters of 4 to 8 cm long, and five small white petals. The fruit is a capsule containing oblong trivalvada 1 to 3 seeds.

Qat is a stimulant that is chewed plant traditionally used in Yemen, Ethiopia, Somalia and other neighboring Arab countries in the Horn of Africa.

This is the plant with the most potent psychostimulant properties are known so far. Its active ingredients are psychotropic alkaloids cathine and cathinone. Psychostimulants both molecules are derived from phenethylamine, and chemically and functionally related to amphetamines.

In particular, cathinone is the most active of the two, and is also known because it serves as a substrate for the production of a powerful drug, methcathinone. Such chemical synthesis is carried out relatively easily and cheaply in clandestine laboratories distributed throughout US. UU., And its market is growing because of the similarity of methcathinone methamphetamine. However, the source and precursors to produce this synthetic derivative not leave the plant, but the same compounds that are used to produce methamphetamine, such as ephedrine and other similar derivatives.

Qat use has recently been investigated on brain cognitive functions. Regular consumption of this plant affects the ability to inhibit behavioral responses by the stop-signal task. This task requires subjects to react quickly and accurately by pressing a key in response to the direction of a green arrow pointing to the right or left. However, if the arrow turns red, it must not inhibit the response and press. Compared to free controls the substance, consumers run similarly qat response inhibition, although they need more time to inhibit these responses to the signal.

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